世界银行-技术在缩小生产力性别差距方面的作用（英）.pdf

PolicyResearchWorkingPaper10771TheRoleofTechnologyinReducingtheGenderGapinProductivityXavierCireraMarcioCruzAntonioMartins-NetoKyungMinLeeCarolineNogueiraFinance,CompetitivenessandInnovationGlobalPracticeMay2024Averifiedreproducibilitypackageforthispaperisavailableathttp://reproducibility.worldbank.org,clickherefordirectaccess.PublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorizedProducedbytheResearchSupportTeamAbstract e Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the Pndings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the Pndings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished.  e papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly.  e Pndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors.  ey do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its aOliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.PolicyResearchWorkingPaper10771Thispaperexploresnewfirm-leveldatatoexaminethegendergapintechnologyadoptionandtheassociatedeffectonfirmperformance.Thedatashowasmalldifferenceintechnologysophisticationbetweenfirmsmanagedbywomenandthosemanagedbymen,buttherearelargerdifferencesintermsoflaborproductivity.Firmswithfemaletopmanagersarejustaslikelytoadoptthemostsophisti-catedtechnologiesforgeneralbusinessfunctionsthatarecommonacrossallfirmsexceptforenterpriseresourceplanning.However,firmsmanagedbywomenadoptadvancedtechnologieslessfrequentlyforsector-specificbusinessfunctions.Thestudyalsofindsthatfirmswithhighertechnologysophisticationtendtohavehigherpro-ductivityandthereturnstotheuseofmoresophisticatedtechnologiesarelargerinbusinessesmanagedbywomen,whichhelpstonarrowtheproductivitygapbetweenfirmsmanagedbywomenandthosemanagedbymen.ThispaperisaproductoftheFinance,CompetitivenessandInnovationGlobalPractice.ItispartofalargereffortbytheWorldBanktoprovideopenaccesstoitsresearchandmakeacontributiontodevelopmentpolicydiscussionsaroundtheworld.PolicyResearchWorkingPapersarealsopostedontheWebathttp://www.worldbank.org/prwp.Theauthorsmaybecontactedatxcirera@worldbank.orgorasmartins@worldbank.org.Averifiedreproducibilitypackageforthispaperisavailableathttp://reproducibility.worldbank.org,clickherefordirectaccess.  POLICY RESEARCH         WORKING PAPERSTRANSPARENTANALYSISTheRoleofTechnologyinReducingtheGenderGapinProductivityXavierCirera1,MarcioCruz2,AntonioMartins-Neto1,KyungminLee1,andCarolineNogueira11TheWorldBank2IFC,WorldBankGroupJELCodes:D2,O10,O30,O40,J16Keywords:Productivity,Technology,GenderGap∗Correspondingauthor:XavierCirera(xcirera@worldbank.org).WethankDiegoUbfal,AndreasEber-hard,andJanOrlowskifortheirusefulcommentsandsuggestions.FundingfromtheJOBSTrustFund(0000042701)isgratefullyacknowledged.1IntroductionDespiteprogressinfema