世界银行-克罗地亚性别格局（英）.pdf

1FEBRUARY2024CROATIAGENDERLANDSCAPEPublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorized2SOMERIGHTSRESERVED:ThisworkisaproductofthestaffoftheWorldBank.Thefindings,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedinthisworkdonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheExecutiveDirectorsoftheWorldBankorthegovernmenttheyrepresent.TheWorldBankdoesnotguaranteetheaccuracyofthedataincludedinthiswork.Theboundaries,colors,denominations,andotherinformationshownonanymapinthisworkdonotimplyandjudgmentonthepartoftheWorldBankconcerningthelegalstatusofanyterritoryortheendorsementoracceptanceofsuchboundaries.RIGHTSANDPERMISSIONSThematerialinthisworkissubjecttocopyright.BecausetheWorldBankencouragesdisseminationofitsknowledge,thisworkmaybereproduced,inwholeorinpart,fornoncommercialpurposesaslongasfullattributiontothisworkisgiven.ATTRIBUTIONPleasecitetheworkasfollows:Nguyen,NgaThiViet,andVedranRecher.2024.Croatia:GenderLandscape2024.Washington,DC:WorldBank.Allqueriesonrightsandlicenses,includingsubsidiaryrights,shouldbeaddressedtoWorldBankPublications,WorldBank,1818HStreetN.W.,WashingtonD.C.20433,USA;fax:202-522-2625;e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org.@2024TheWorldBank1818HStreetN.W.,WashingtonD.C.20433Telephone:202-473-1000www.worldbank.org3TABLES3FIGURES3ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS41.OVERVIEW52.HUMANCAPITAL63.THELABORMARKETANDTIMESPENTONUNPAIDWORK74.INCOME,POVERTY,ANDSOCIALEXCLUSION125.POWER166.VIOLENCE167.CONCLUSIONANDRECOMMENDATIONS17REFERENCES:19TABLEOFCONTENTS4TABLESTable1.CroatiaHumanCapitalIndex2020:Selectedcomponentsbygender7Table2.Genderwagegapbyoccupationalwagequintile(%),EUMemberStates14FIGURESFigure1.GenderEqualityIndex,20235Figure2.HumanCapitalIndexgap(girl-to-boyscoreratio),2020,selectedEUcountries6Figure3.LaborForceParticipation(aged20-64)7Figure4.Employmentrates(aged20-64)7Figure5.FemaleemploymentratesacrossEUMemberStatesin2022(20-64)8Figure6.MaleemploymentratesacrossEUMemberStatesin2022(20-64)8Figure7.Employmentratebygenderandagegroup,2013-20228Figure8.Employmentratesofmenandwomenbyeducationalattainment(20-64)10Figure9.Employmentrateformenandwomen,bytypeofhousehold(20-49)11Figure10.Gendergapsinpaid,unpaid,andtotalworkinghours12Figure11.Genderpaygap(%)inEUMemberStates,2010-201912Figure12.Unadjustedgenderpaygapbyworkingtime(%),202113Figure13.Materialdeprivationgendergap,202214Figure14.Populationinenergypoverty(%),bygender,acrossEUMemberStates.15Figure15.Shareofcasesoffamilyviolence(asperarticle179aofCriminalCode)relativetototalcriminalcases175ThisnotewaspreparedbyNgaThiVietNguyen(SeniorEconomist,EECPV)withvaluablecontri-butionsfromVedranRecher(Consultant,EECPV)andinsightfulfeedbackfromIvaTomic(Economist,ECCMT2).TheteamworkedunderthesupervisionofJehanArulpragasam(CountryManager,ECCHR)andAmbarNarayan(PracticeManager,EECPV).TheteamisgratefultoMilenaKoren(HeadoftheSectorforSocialPolicyDevelopment,MinistryofLabor,PensionSystem,Family,andSocialPolicy)forherreviewofthedocument.TheteamthanksMarcelloArrigoforhiscarefuledit-ingandAnamarijaPe