联合国贸易发展委员会-电子商务销售和在线平台的作用[高级副本]（英）.pdf

Businesse-commercesalesandtheroleofonlineplatformsUNITEDNATIONSCONFERENCEONTRADEANDDEVELOPMENTUNCTADTechnicalnotesonICTfordevelopment|No.1Advancecopy©2024,UnitedNationsThisworkisavailablethroughopenaccess,bycomplyingwiththeCreativeCommonslicencecreatedforintergovernmentalorganizations,athttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/.Thefindings,interpretationsandconclusionsexpressedhereinarethoseoftheauthorsanddonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheUnitedNationsoritsofficialsorMemberStates.ThedesignationsemployedandthepresentationofmaterialonanymapinthisworkdonotimplytheexpressionofanyopinionwhatsoeveronthepartoftheUnitedNationsconcerningthelegalstatusofanycountry,territory,cityorareaorofitsauthorities,orconcerningthedelimitationofitsfrontiersorboundaries.MentionofanyfirmorlicensedprocessdoesnotimplytheendorsementoftheUnitedNations.Photocopiesandreproductionsofexcerptsareallowedwithpropercredits.Thispublicationhasnotbeenformallyedited.UnitedNationspublicationissuedbytheUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentUNCTAD/DTL/ECDE/2024/3(Advancecopy)eISBN:978-92-1-106449-0iiiTableofcontents1.E-commerceisanincreasinglyimportantsaleschannelforbusinesses12.Newlyavailablestatisticsonbusinesse-commercesales.....33.Developingeconomieshaveroomtogrowe-commerce...74.Theeconomicscaleofbusinesse-commercesalesvaries.....95.Onlyasmallminorityofbusinesse-commercesalestakeplaceinternationally....156.Business-to-consumere-commerceisincreasing.....237.Transactionsthroughonlineplatformshavesharplyincreased.....318.Conclusions..35References.....37AnnexA.Sourcesfore-commercesalesvaluesandassociatedfigures..38AnnexB.Sourcesforinternationale-commerce.41AnnexC.Sourcesforonlineretailsales..43AnnexD.Sourcesforonlineplatformtransactions.....46ivBusinesse-commercesalesandtheroleofonlineplatformsUNCTADTechnicalnotesonICTfordevelopment|No.1SummaryThistechnicalnotepresentsthelateststatisticsonthevalueofe-commercesalesbybusinesses.Itbenefitsfromanotableincreaseinavailabilitybroughtaboutbytherelease,byEurostat,offiguresformanyEUandpartnercountries.In2021,approachingUS$25trillionofe-commercesalesweregeneratedbybusinessesacross43developedanddevelopingeconomiesaccountingforaroundthreequartersofworldwideGDP.Thisrepresentsa15percentincreaseoverpre-pandemic(2019)levelsandsalesareestimatedtohaverisenafurther10percent-toalmost$27trillion-in2022.Theshareofbusinessturnovergeneratedthroughe-commercevarieswidelyintheeconomiesanalysed,fromlessthanonepercenttoasmuchas30percent.Inalmostallcases,themajorityofe-commercesalesbybusinessesaremadetootherbusinessesororganizations.Inmost,theshareofbusiness-to-consumersalesislessthanaquarter.Whiledevelopingeconomiesgeneratearound40percentofglobalGDP,theirshareinbusinesse-commercesalesisconsiderablylower.Thebulkofe-commercesalesacrossthese43developedanddevelopingeconomies,whichalsoaccountforaroundthreequartersofexportsglobally,occurbetweenbuyersandsellersresidentinthesameeconomicterritory.Itisestimatedthatdigitallyorderedexports(i.e.internationale-commerces