世界银行-卫生系统中的医院：高效、高质量和综合护理的机会（英）.pdf

HospitalsinHealthSystems:OpportunitiesforEfficient,High-quality,andIntegratedCareEditorsMickeyChopraXiaohuiHouKojoTwumNimakoSanamRoder-DeWanHospitlsinHlthSstms:Opportunitis==forEcint,Hih-qulit,ndIntrtdCr2©[2024]InternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment/TheWorldBank1818HStreetNWWashingtonDC20433Telephone:202-473-1000Internet:www.worldbank.orgThisworkisaproductofthestaffofTheWorldBankwithexternalcontributions.Thefindings,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedinthisworkdonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsofTheWorldBank,itsBoardofExecutiveDirectors,orthegovernmentstheyrepresent.TheWorldBankdoesnotguaranteetheaccuracy,completeness,orcurrencyofthedataincludedinthisworkanddoesnotassumeresponsibilityforanyerrors,omissions,ordiscrepanciesintheinformation,orliabilitywithrespecttotheuseoforfailuretousetheinformation,methods,processes,orconclusionssetforth.Theboundaries,colors,denominations,andotherinformationshownonanymapinthisworkdonotimplyanyjudgmentonthepartofTheWorldBankconcerningthelegalstatusofanyterritoryortheendorsementoracceptanceofsuchboundaries.NothinghereinshallconstituteorbeconstruedorconsideredtobealimitationuponorwaiveroftheprivilegesandimmunitiesofTheWorldBank,allofwhicharespecificallyreserved.RightsandPermissionsThematerialinthisworkissubjecttocopyright.BecauseTheWorldBankencouragesdisseminationofitsknowledge,thisworkmaybereproduced,inwholeorinpart,fornoncommercialpurposesaslongasfullattributiontothisworkisgiven.Anyqueriesonrightsandlicenses,includingsubsidiaryrights,shouldbeaddressedtoWorldBankPublications,TheWorldBank,1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433,USA;fax:202-522-2625;e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org.Coverphoto:SanamRoder-DeWan3CONTENTSAcknowledgments.....7AbouttheAuthors8AbbreviationsandAcronyms....13ExecutiveSummary....16SECTION1:OVERVIEW..19Chapter1:Overview:WhyHospitals,andWhyThisPublication.20SECTION2:EFFICIENCYASANENTRYPOINTFORHOSPITALREFORM..31Chapter2:HospitalAutonomyinPoland...32Chapter3:SriLanka’sRoadtoaMoreEfficientHealthSystem:LinkingHospitalReformandPrimaryHealthCareStrengthening...44Chapter4:DaySurgeryCenterintheWestChinaHospital.....55Chapter5:AcuteGeriatricUnits:ACareStrategyforAgingPopulations.62SECTION3:QUALITYASANENTRYPOINTFORHOSPITALREFORM.....68Chapter6:ImprovingQualityandSafetyinPerioperativeCare:TheEnhancedRecoveryAfterSurgery(ERAS)Program....69Chapter7:RegionalizationasaLeverofHospitalReform:TheCaseofRuralObstetricUnitClosingsintheUnitedStates,andImplicationsforLow-andMiddle-IncomeCountries...75Chapter8:HospitalReform:ListeningtoPatientandStaffExperience,andEngagingtheBroaderPublic.....87Chapter9:MicrolevelInterventionsforImprovingHospitalPerformance..103SECTION4:INTEGRATIONASANENTRYPOINTFORHOSPITALREFORM..117Chapter10:LeveragingthePrinciplesofNetworksandLearningSystemstoImprovetheQualityofHospitalCare:TheClinicalInformationNetworkinKenya..118Chapter11:NetworksofPracticeinGhana,andtheRoleoftheDistrictHospital...128Chapter12:TheDevelopmentofMedicalAlliancesinChina.....134Figure